Environmental Science/Climate Change & Mitigation

Biodiversity Hotspots of the World

Biodiversity Hotspot of the Philippines
Editors: T. Pullaiah, PhD
Crusty E. Tinio, PhD
Lerma S. J. Maldia, PhD

Biodiversity Hotspot of the Philippines

In Production
Pub Date: Forthcoming May 2027
Hardback Price: $220 USD | £170 UK
Hard ISBN: 9781779648372
E-Book ISBN: 978-1-77964-838-9
Pages: 498 est pp w index
Binding Type: Hardback / ebook
Series: Biodiversity Hotspots of the World
Notes: 142 color and 4 b/w illustrations

Spanning more than 7,600 islands, the Philippines stands as one of the world’s most remarkable centers of biodiversity—yet also among its most vulnerable. This new book,Biodiversity Hotspot of the Philippines, offers a timely, comprehensive exploration of this paradox, presenting a rich and science-driven account of the country’s extraordinary biological wealth alongside the urgent challenges threatening its survival.

Bringing together 20 expertly crafted chapters, this volume reflects decades of field surveys, ecological monitoring, herbarium research, and taxonomic studies. It begins with foundational perspectives on geography, climate, and biogeography, setting the stage for a detailed examination of the Philippines 12 major forest formations—from lowland rainforests to ultramafic and mangrove ecosystems. The narrative then moves through the diversity and ecological significance of key taxonomic groups, including fungi, lichens, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, insects, freshwater fishes, herpetofauna, birds, and terrestrial mammals.

More than a catalog of species, the book illuminates the intricate relationships that sustain these ecosystems. It explores topics such as soil-driven cyanobacterial blooms, the ecological roles of phytoplankton in freshwater systems, and the remarkable diversity of orchids—both emblematic and endangered. At the same time, it confronts pressing environmental realities, from habitat degradation and urban expansion to climate change and shifting land-use patterns.
Importantly, the volume looks forward as much as it documents the present. It highlights emerging tools and strategies for conservation, including remote sensing technologies, species distribution modeling, and the evaluation of carbon sequestration potential in mangrove soils. These approaches underscore a unifying theme: sustaining Philippine biodiversity requires integrated, science-based, and locally grounded solutions.

Balancing technical depth with broad relevance, this work serves as both an authoritative reference and a compelling call to action. It captures the richness, fragility, and enduring significance of one of the planet’s most important biodiversity hotspots—while pointing clearly toward the pathways needed to preserve it for generations to come.

CONTENTS:
Preface

1. Geography, Climate, and Biogeography in the Philippine Hotspot
I. E. Buot Jr.

2. Vegetation and Forest Formations of the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Pastor L. Malabrigo Jr.

3. Impact of Changes in Soil Properties on the Bloom-Forming Ability of the Cyanobacterium, Nostoc commune Vaucher, in the Field in Northern Luzon, Philippines
Milagrosa R. Martinez-Goss, Arlen A. Dela Cruz, Eldrin DLR. Arguelles, and June Owen O. Nacorda

4. Fungal Diversity in the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Nelson M. Pampolina, Edwin R. Tadiosa, Jessa P. Ata, Jennifer M. Niem, Jason A. Parlucha, Janine Kaysee R. Soriano, and Nik Shawn C. Tabao

5. Lichen Diversity in Philippine Biodiversity Hotspots
Paulina A. Bawingan, Weenalei T. Fajardo, Mechell P. Lardizaval, and Crusty E. Tinio

6. Diversity of Bryophytes in the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Andrea G. Azuelo

7. Diversity of Pteridophytes in the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Christine Dawn G. Obemio, Gerald G. Lobredo, and Inocencio E. Buot, Jr.

8. Philippine Gymnosperms: Diversity, Distribution, and Conservation
Arthur Glenn A. Umali and Pastor L. Malabrigo Jr.

9. Diversity and Conservation Status of Philippine Angiosperms
Pastor L. Malabrigo Jr.

10. Orchid Diversity of the Philippines
Zhereeleen D. Meneses-Adorador

11. Insect Diversity of the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Dianne Joy D. Aguilon and Jhetro Arthur M. Cledera

12. Freshwater Fishes in the Philippines
Joseph G. Campang, John Vincent R. Pleto, Fatima A. Natuel-Ravago, Ma. Grechelle Lyn D. Perez, Yves Christian L. Cabillon, Karl Lorraine D. Garcia, and Jeoffrey M. Laruya

13. Herpetofaunal Diversity in the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Leticia E. Afuang

14. Bird Diversity of the Philippine Biodiversity Hotspot
Juan Carlos T. Gonzalez

15. Diversity of Philippine Terrestrial Mammals
Anna Pauline O. De Guia and Desamarie Antonette P. Fernandez

16. Phytoplankton Diversity in Freshwater Lakes in the Philippines: Ecological Significance and Conservation Challenges
John Vincent R. Pleto, Lawrence Victor D. Vitug, Romella T. Beringuela, Joseph G. Campang, Marie Gabrielle C. Motril, and Yves Christian L. Cabillon

17. Land Use/Land Cover Change Analysis from 1993 to 2024: Implications of Urbanization in the City of Santa Rosa, Laguna, Philippines
Mary Joy Camargo Ongkiatco, Luu Huynh Durc, Dwi Utari, and Damasa B. Magcale-Macandog

18. Philippine Biodiversity in the Face of Climate Change
Marilyn S. Combalicer, Lerma S. J. Maldia, and Crusty E. Tinio

19. Remote Sensing Applications in Biodiversity Assessment and Conservation in the Philippines
Cristino L. Tiburan Jr.

20. Carbon Sequestration Potential of Mangrove Soils in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines
D. E. T. Madrid, F. C. A. Bombio, R. A. F. Angeles, M. A. E. Ferreras, J. H. Jumawan, A. F. M. Raganas, S. M. Medina, B. Johnson, P. Kumar, R. Dasgupta, and D. B. M. Macandog

Index


About the Authors / Editors:
Editors: T. Pullaiah, PhD
Former Professor, Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Andhra Pradesh, India

T. Pullaiah, PhD, is a former Professor at the Department of Botany at Sri Krishnadevaraya University in Andhra Pradesh, India, where he has taught for more than 35 years. He has held several positions at the university, including Dean, Faculty of Biosciences, Head of the Department of Botany, Head of the Department of Biotechnology, and member of Academic Senate. He was President of the Indian Botanical Society, President of the Indian Association for Angiosperm Taxonomy, and Fellow of Andhra Pradesh Akademi of Sciences. He has received various prestigious awards for his work. Under his guidance over 50 students earned their doctoral degrees. He has authored over 65 books, edited over 45 books, and published over 340 research papers. His books include Mangroves: Biodiversity, Livelihoods and Conservation (Springer); Ethnobotany of India (5 volumes, Apple Academic Press); Global Biodiversity (4 volumes, Apple Academic Press); Monograph on Brachystelma and Ceropegia in India (CRC Press); Apomixis in Angiosperms (CRC Press); Invasive Alien Species (4 volumes, Wiley International); Advances in Cell and Molecular Diagnostics (Elsevier); Camptothecin and Camptothecin Producing Plants (Elsevier); Paclitaxel (Elsevier); Red Sanders: Silviculture and Conservation (Springer); among others. Dr. Pullaiah was also a member of the Species Survival Commission of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Professor Pullaiah received his PhD from Andhra University, India, attended Moscow State University, Russia, and worked as Postdoctoral Fellow during 1976–1978.

Crusty E. Tinio, PhD
Professor, Department of Forest Biological Sciences, College of Forestry and Natural Resources (CFNR), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB); Chair, Department of Forest Biological Sciences

Crusty E. Tinio, PhD, is a Professor at the Department of Forest Biological Sciences, College of Forestry and Natural Resources (CFNR), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), and currently serves as Chair of the Department of Forest Biological Sciences. She previously served as Director of the UPLB Training Center for Tropical Resources and Ecosystems Sustainability (TREES). She holds a Bachelor of Science in Forestry from UPLB; an MSc in Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology from the University of Goettingen, Germany; a PhD in Agricultural Sciences from Nagoya University, Japan; and a Postgraduate Certificate in Academic Practice (PGCAP) from the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. She is also a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA). With 19 years of teaching and research experience, Dr. Tinio specializes in forest ecology, biodiversity conservation, population genetics, and genetic resource management. She is also a Certified Global Biodiversity Standard Assessor under The Global Biodiversity Standard (TGBS), a scientifically rigorous framework that measures biodiversity uplift using global standards with localized assessments. She teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in forest ecology, forest biodiversity, forest genetics, and related fields. She previously served as Managing Editor for a special issue of FORESPI (The Forest and Natural Resources Research Society of the Philippines, Inc.) Sylvatrop publication and currently serves as Subject Matter Editor of the Ecosystem and Development Journal  (2024–2027), in addition to reviewing manuscripts for various local and international journals. As editor of Biodiversity Hotspot of the Philippines, Dr. Tinio draws on her academic rigor and editorial experience to bring forward a multidisciplinary perspective that supports the understanding, appreciation, and conservation of the country’s exceptional yet imperiled biological heritage.

Lerma S. J. Maldia, PhD
Professor, Department of Forest Biological Sciences (DFBS), College of Forestry and Natural Resources (CFNR), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB)

Lerma S. J. Maldia, PhD, currently serves as a Professor at the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), where she has been a faculty member in the Department of Forest Biological Sciences (DFBS), College of Forestry and Natural Resources (CFNR), since February 2014. Her areas of specialization include forest ecology, forest biodiversity, and forest genetics. She teaches a range of courses such as biology of tropical forest plants, fundamentals of forest ecology, forest biodiversity, forest genetics, forest biotechnology, molecular phylogenetics, and conservation planning. Her academic credentials include a Bachelor of Science in Forestry from UPLB, complemented by a master’s and doctorate in Agricultural Science from Nagoya University in Japan, where she specialized in Biosphere Resources Science, focusing on phylogeography and phylogenetics. An accomplished researcher, Dr. Maldia is involved in numerous projects aimed at documenting and conserving Philippine native forest tree species, advancing understanding of forest genetic resources, and promoting ecosystem restoration. Her work has significantly contributed to the scientific knowledge of forest biodiversity and sustainable resource management in the Philippines. She has a noteworthy publication record, including book chapters, peer-reviewed journal articles, and presentations at international conferences, with a focus on biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management. Additionally, she has served as topical collection editor and reviewer for international and national scientific journals related to plant sciences. Dr. Maldia previously served as Department Chair of Forest Biological Sciences and is currently Director of the Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems (MCME), where she leads initiatives in biodiversity, ecosystem management, and environmental sustainability. With her academic background, international experience, and dedication to conserving forest genetic resources, she remains a dedicated contributor to the field of biodiversity science and the sustainable management of the Philippines forest ecosystems.




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